What Tool Use Is
Tool use is the mechanism by which a language model reaches beyond text. Instead of only answering, the model can ask for an operation to be performed. Tool use lets Claude call functions that the developer defines or that Anthropic provides.
The model itself never executes anything. When a tool runs in the developer's own application, the application has to drive a loop: with a client-executed tool, every tool call is a round trip in which the model asks, the application executes and reports back, and the model continues.
That loop is the whole of the idea. An application that keeps sending tool results back until the model has nothing more to ask for is what people mean when they say the model is acting as an agent.